Analysis on Dynamic Memory Allocation
نویسنده
چکیده
Dynamic memory allocator has been an essential component in computer software for decades, which evolves to be sophisticated to meet both the strict performance and space requirements. This paper studies the design of simplified versions of two popular dynamic memory allocators, namely, the dlmalloc used in GNU libc and the tcmalloc used in Google Chrome browser. In this paper, we also conduct algorithmic analysis on the time complexity of malloc and free operations for requesting and releasing a memory buffer respectively. In addition, we investigate the memory wastage in both allocators due to their metadata overhead and internal fragmentation. Our analysis shows that the dlmalloc has O(1) running time for both malloc and free, while the tcmalloc has O(n) running time for malloc and O(1) for free. The dlmalloc wastes as much as 1/3 space due to metadata overhead, while the worst case metadata overhead in the tcmalloc is inversely proportional to the size of allocated space. Furthermore, both the dlmalloc and the tcmalloc may have severe space wastage due to internal fragmentation, where the dlmalloc may have as much as 1500% such wastage, and the tcmalloc may have 700% in the worst case.
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